NDRC Energy [2023] No. 1721

Provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Development and Reform Commission, Energy Bureau, Industry and Information Technology Regulatory Department, Market Supervision Department, Beijing Municipal Urban Management Commission, Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission, various dispatched agencies of the National Energy Administration, State Grid Corporation of China, and China Southern Power Grid Corporation:

New energy vehicles are connected to the power supply network through charging and swapping facilities, creating a two-way interactive system of information and energy flow between new energy vehicles and the power supply network. This can effectively leverage the flexibility and regulation capabilities of power batteries as controllable loads or mobile energy storage, providing important support for the efficient and economical operation of the new power system. Car network interaction mainly includes intelligent and orderly charging, bidirectional charging and discharging, and can participate in application scenarios such as peak shaving and valley filling, virtual power plants, and aggregated transactions. In order to thoroughly implement the relevant spirit of the Central Committee for Deepening Reform, actively implement the requirements of the "Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Further Building a High quality Charging Infrastructure System" (Guobanfa [2023] No. 19), fully play the important role of new energy vehicles in the electrochemical energy storage system, consolidate and expand the development advantages of new energy vehicles, support the construction of new energy systems and new power systems, the following opinions are proposed.

1、 Overall requirements

（1） Guiding ideology

（2） Basic principles

Government guidance, market participation, and multi-party collaboration. Strengthen the top-level design of vehicle network interaction, adhere to a systematic concept, and plan comprehensively from the perspective of overall social benefits. By creating a favorable market environment and innovating market mechanisms, fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of all parties in the industrial chain, and establishing a systematic promotion mechanism that conforms to market laws and promotes win-win cooperation among multiple parties.

Actively explore, moderately advance, and construct in an orderly manner. Based on the promotion of new energy vehicles and the progress of electricity market reform in various provinces and cities, actively explore scenarios and business models for vehicle network interaction that take into account the interests of multiple parties, and meet the needs of different scenarios. Following the principle of moderate advancement, we will implement and orderly promote the ecological construction of vehicle network interaction according to local conditions.

Encourage innovation, unify standards, and ensure safety. Promote the research and development of key technologies and core equipment, strengthen the role of enterprise innovation as the main body, and lead development with innovation. Accelerate the revision of standards and lead the coordinated and standardized development of the industry. Establish and improve supporting regulatory measures, perfect the supporting management mechanisms for testing and certification, system access, aggregation and regulation, etc., to ensure the safe operation of the power grid in the scenario of vehicle network interaction.

（3） Development Goals

By 2025, the standard system for vehicle network interaction technology in China will be initially established, the peak and valley electricity pricing mechanism for charging will be fully implemented and continuously optimized, significant progress will be made in market mechanism construction, and efforts will be made to carry out pilot demonstrations of vehicle network interaction. It is expected that more than 60% of the annual charging capacity of cities participating in pilot demonstrations will be concentrated in low valley periods, and more than 80% of the charging capacity of private charging piles will be concentrated in low valley periods. The potential of new energy vehicles as mobile electrochemical energy storage resources will be preliminarily verified through pilot demonstrations.

By 2030, China's vehicle network interaction technology standard system will be basically established, the market mechanism will be more perfect, vehicle network interaction will be applied on a large scale, intelligent and orderly charging will be fully promoted, new energy vehicles will become an important component of the electrochemical energy storage system, and efforts will be made to provide the power system with a bi-directional flexible regulation capability of tens of millions of kilowatts.

2、 Key tasks

（1） Collaborative promotion of core technologies for vehicle network interaction

Intensify the research and development of key technologies for power batteries, increase the cycle life of power batteries to 3000 times or more without significantly increasing costs, and overcome battery safety prevention and control technologies under high-frequency bidirectional charging and discharging conditions. Develop a highly reliable, flexible, and low-energy vehicle network interaction system architecture and bidirectional charging and discharging equipment, develop key technologies for grid friendly charging and swapping stations such as integrated light storage charging and DC bus flexible mutual assistance, and overcome the precise prediction and aggregation control technology of massive distributed vehicle network interaction resources. Strengthen the research on key technologies for vehicle network interaction information exchange and information security, build an intelligent and efficient interaction and collaborative security prevention and control technology system for the entire chain of "vehicle pile network", achieve "plug and play" intelligent and convenient interaction, while ensuring information security and power grid operation safety.

（2） Accelerate the establishment of a standard system for vehicle network interaction

Accelerate the development and revision of national and industry standards related to the interaction between car booking websites, and prioritize the completion of key technical standards such as interactive interfaces, communication protocols, power regulation, scheduled charging, and vehicle wake-up in orderly charging scenarios; Strive to complete the formulation and revision of key technical standards for charging and discharging equipment and vehicles in bidirectional charging and discharging scenarios, vehicle to pile communication, grid connected operation, bidirectional metering, charging and discharging safety protection, information security, etc. by the end of 2025. Synchronize and improve the standard supporting testing and certification system, promote the implementation of intelligent and orderly charging standard requirements in vehicle production access, as well as in the production, installation, and acceptance of charging stations. Actively participate in international standard cooperation in the field of car networking interaction, and enhance the international influence of Chinese standards.

（3） Optimize and improve supporting electricity prices and market mechanisms

Encourage the development of independent peak and valley time of use electricity pricing policies for charging facilities with strong load guidance, such as individual piles, and establish differentiated pricing systems around residential charging loads and residential living loads, striving to achieve full application of peak and valley time of use electricity pricing for residential charging by the end of 2025, further stimulating the flexible adjustment potential of various charging and swapping facilities. Research and explore the pricing mechanism of new energy vehicles and charging and swapping stations for grid discharge. Establish and improve the mechanism for aggregating and participating in demand side management and market trading of vehicle network interactive resources, optimize and improve auxiliary service mechanisms, enrich trading varieties, expand participation scope, increase the frequency and scale of vehicle network interactive resource participation in demand response, and explore the implementation path of various charging and swapping facilities as flexible resource aggregation for participating in spot markets, green certificate trading, and carbon trading. Encourage bidirectional charging and discharging facilities, integrated charging/photovoltaic charging stations, and battery swapping stations to participate in pilot demonstrations of the electricity market through resource aggregation, and verify the equivalent energy storage potential of bidirectional charging and discharging resources.

（4） Explore and carry out comprehensive demonstration of bidirectional charging and discharging

Actively explore bidirectional charging and discharging application modes that efficiently integrate new energy vehicles with industrial parks, building structures, and residential areas. Prioritize the development of a batch of bidirectional charging and discharging demonstration projects for public sector vehicles such as government, rental, shuttle buses, school buses, sanitation, and public transportation; Encourage power grid enterprises to jointly carry out pilot projects for bidirectional charging and discharging in residential communities with charging enterprises, vehicle manufacturers, and other related entities. Based on pilot demonstrations, actively explore sustainable business models for bidirectional charging and discharging, improve the bidirectional charging and discharging business processes and management mechanisms in typical application scenarios, establish and improve the battery quality assurance system for bidirectional charging and discharging vehicles, strengthen consumer rights protection, enhance the evaluation and summary of pilot effectiveness, and form a batch of replicable and promotable typical models and experiences.

（5） Actively improve the interaction level of charging and swapping facilities

Vigorously promote intelligent and orderly charging facilities, and generally adopt intelligent and orderly charging piles for newly built charging piles, and promote the intelligent transformation of existing charging piles as needed. Establish a sound intelligent and orderly charging management system and process for residential communities, clarify the responsibilities and rights of various parties such as power grid enterprises, third-party platform enterprises, and new energy vehicle users, and clarify the conditions and response requirements for initiating orderly charging in communities. Encourage power grid enterprises to cooperate with charging operators, establish an efficient interaction mechanism between the power grid and charging and swapping stations, and enhance the power response and regulation capabilities of charging and swapping stations. Explore and study the methods and relevant standards and specifications for determining the power access capacity of different types of intelligent orderly charging and swapping facilities, effectively improving the access capability of the distribution network. Encourage charging operators to accept the commission of homeowners and carry out the "unified construction and service" of charging facilities in residential areas. Encourage charging operators to build integrated light storage and charging stations according to local conditions, and promote the integrated development of transportation and energy.

（6） System strengthens the support and guarantee capabilities of power grid enterprises

Integrate vehicle network interaction into the overall promotion of electricity demand side management and electricity market construction. Support power grid enterprises to carry out vehicle network interaction management in conjunction with the new power load management system, prioritize the unified access and management of charging and swapping facilities resources of 10 kV and above, and gradually cover various charging and swapping facilities resources behind low-voltage distribution networks and gateway meters. Further improve the demand side management of the power grid and the functions of the power regulation platform, providing basic support and technical services for the interactive aggregation and trading of the vehicle network. Accelerate the improvement of requirements and technical specifications for vehicle network interaction, grid connection, metering, protection control, and information exchange, and explore independent metering solutions for charging and swapping facilities after gateway meters. Optimize the clearing and settlement mechanism of the power grid, and support the direct participation of load aggregators in the clearing and settlement of the electricity market through vehicle network interaction.

3、 Guarantee measures

（1） Strengthen overall planning and coordination. The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration have coordinated the top-level design of vehicle network interaction, actively promoted the construction of supporting policies, electricity prices, and market mechanisms, and strengthened guidance and supervision. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Energy Administration are promoting the accelerated application of intelligent and orderly charging functions in new energy vehicles and charging and swapping facilities. The National Standardization Management Committee organizes the Standardization Technical Committee for Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities in the Energy Industry and the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee to accelerate the construction of the vehicle network interaction standard system, and guide the development of relevant international standard cooperation.

（2） Consolidate the responsibilities of all parties involved. Relevant departments of local governments at all levels should accelerate the promotion of vehicle network interaction in accordance with the implementation opinions, promote intelligent and orderly charging, study and explore pilot applications of vehicle network interaction, promote the construction and renovation of intelligent charging and discharging facilities to be included in the scope of supporting policies for charging infrastructure construction, and increase financial support for pilot demonstration projects of vehicle network interaction. The National Energy Administration's dispatched agencies should establish and improve the market mechanism for user and third-party auxiliary services, including charging piles, charging and swapping stations, virtual power plants, and load aggregators. Power grid enterprises should actively carry out the transformation of supporting power grids, accelerate the construction of intelligent and orderly charging and bidirectional charging and discharging business systems, and do a good job in the docking of aggregator platforms. New energy vehicle companies, charging equipment manufacturing and operation enterprises, etc. should strictly implement their production, sales and service responsibilities, and support the construction of a vehicle network integration ecosystem. Industry associations should actively build communication platforms, enhance consensus among all parties, and jointly cultivate the industrial ecosystem.

（3） Strengthen pilot demonstrations. The National Energy Administration takes the lead in carrying out pilot demonstration work for vehicle network interaction. Preliminary pilot demonstrations of vehicle network interaction will be carried out in relatively mature regions such as the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing Tianjin Hebei Shandong, Sichuan Chongqing, etc., aiming to build more than 5 demonstration cities and more than 50 bidirectional charging and discharging demonstration projects by the end of 2025. Support demonstration cities and projects to actively engage in commercial cooperation and innovative service models, and form replicable and promotable construction experiences. Strengthen publicity guidance and public opinion supervision, increase recognition and participation from all parties, and build a favorable public opinion atmosphere for the development of car network interaction.

National Development and Reform Commission

National Energy Administration

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

the State Administration for Market Regulation

December 13, 2023